AGRICULTURAL LAND USE SUSTAINABLE ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH ON THE TERRITORIES OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM ECONOMIC REGION

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Sustainable development is a complex management process with many interrelated elements, the main purpose of which is to improve the standard of living and safety of the population [1, p. 342]. Achieving sustainable development in agriculture cannot be achieved without preserving environmental safety. The Central Chernozem economic region has traditionally been one of the main producers of agricultural products for the whole of Russia due to its unique land resources, which is why their conservation is one of the main tasks of Russia's economic security, which is the relevance of this article. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the assessment of the economic and ecological development of land use in the agrarian Central Chernozem region.

Materials and methods. When carrying out this study, data from state statistics (Rosstat, EMISS and statistical collections) and data from the works of domestic authors were used. Such methods as system analysis, retrospective analysis, and statistical method were used in the work. The economic sustainability of land use was assessed using the coefficient method. The assessment of the level of environmental sustainability of the regions of the Central Chernozem Economic Region was carried out using the coefficient of environmental stability.

Results and conclusions. In this paper, an analysis of the economic indicators of land use in the Central Chernozem region was carried out, which showed a significant level of development of the agricultural sector in the Central Chernozem region, an average share of agricultural land in agricultural lands and a high level of plowed areas of the regions. The environmental threats directly affecting the sustainable development of the land-use economy are analyzed. In particular, the issues of irrational use of acreage, soil degradation, the need to increase protective forest belts, and insufficient land reclamation are being considered. The indicators reflecting the ecological characteristics of the regions are calculated.

Discussion. The work resulted in the identification of an unstable environmental situation in all regions of the Central Chernozem Economic Region, as well as proposals for improving agricultural land use in the regions. In particular, an increase in the area of anti-erosion and protective forest belts, major repairs of land reclamation infrastructure to protect soils from further degradation. In addition, an important point for the sustainable development of the agricultural sector is the creation of modern infrastructure for rural residents in order to preserve the workforce. It is proposed that the funds received from the collection of land taxes and payments for the use of natural resources be fully allocated to finance environmental protection measures.

KEYWORDS

Forest belt, land reclamation, rational use of natural resources, agriculture, sustainable development, environmental risks, ecological and economic management, Central Chernozem economic region